What is a filibuster?

A filibuster is best understood as a tactic employed in the Senate that allows a senator or a group of senators to extend debate on a piece of legislation. This tactic is intended to delay or prevent a vote on the bill, effectively giving the minority party a powerful tool to influence the legislative process. By engaging in a filibuster, senators can speak for an extended period, thereby hindering the progression of legislation they oppose. This often requires the majority party to negotiate or seek a compromise to overcome the impasse created by the filibuster.

The other options describe different legislative strategies that do not capture the essence of a filibuster. While a method to expedite the legislative process or secure unanimous consent might be seen in other contexts, they do not relate to the prolonged debate associated with a filibuster. Furthermore, finalizing a bill without discussion contradicts the nature of a filibuster, which thrives on extended debate rather than hastening the legislative process. Overall, the correct choice highlights the unique and strategic nature of the filibuster within the Senate's legislative framework.